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dsPICDEM? MC1H 3-Phase High Voltage Power Module
1.4.9
1.4.9.1
FAULT Protection (Appendix A, Sheets 4, 5 and 6)
INTRODUCTION
Given the development nature of the system, robust independent FAULT protection is
provided on the power board rather than relying on software intervention. Five
different fault categories are used to indicate a FAULT to the user. Four of the fault
categories are detected on the live side. All FAULTs are latched and automatically
disable all firing commands. In a commercial application using the dsPIC device,
much of the hardware described below may be eliminated. In particular, the latches
are not required as the Output Compare and Motor Control PWM modules both have
dedicated fault inputs that can be configured to shutdown PWM outputs to their
inactive state.
The operation of the fault action is described below:
? D35-D38 and R114: These form an active high wire OR of all four (live) FAULT
signals. R114 provides a passive pull-down during normal operation. The resulting
FAULT signal is used to directly shutdown the inverter gate drive ICs via their
shutdown logic input.
? R113, Q13, R110, D34 and Q14: These components act to shutdown the PFC and
brake chopper during a FAULT. Q14 must be on for the detector stage of their
optocouplers to be powered. Under normal conditions, D34 and R110 provide the
base current for Q14. If the FAULT line is asserted, causing Q13 to turn on, or if
the +15V supply drops below approximately 10V, then Q14 turns off.
? U15 and R151: If FAULT is asserted, current flows via R151 to cause the
(open-collector) output of U15 to turn on. This indicates back to the isolated side
that a FAULT has occurred on the live side.
? R176 and Q15: If a Hall over-current is detected on the isolated side, the base
current for Q15 that normally flows via R176 is removed. As all the firing command
optocoupler emitters return via Q15, when Q15 is off, no firing can take place.
? D43, D44 and R172: These form an active low wire OR of the isolated and live
fault indications for feedback to the dsPIC device.
1.4.9.2
INVERTER SHUNT OVER-CURRENT
The feedback signals from the inverter leg shunts and the bus current signal derived
from them (see Section 1.4.6.2 “Inverter Leg Shunt Resistor Feedback” and
current trips. Note that the shunts will see “shoot-through” events which bypass the
Hall current sensors. The circuitry used to implement this is described below:
? U25 – A quad package comparator used for the over current threshold
comparisons. Each comparator has a small amount of hysteresis (formed by R119
and R120 for example) to ensure no output chattering occurs. Note that the
inverter leg shunts are compared for positive current, which is when the current is
flowing in a switch. The bus shunt is compared for a negative value to protect
against faults during braking/generating. R109 forms the pull-up for the open
collector outputs of U25. A small amount of filtering is used (e.g., R118, C45) to
prevent spikes on the shunt signals causing false trips.
? U27-B – A remaining Op Amp package used to generate the HIGH_REF (+4.5V)
from the Microchip MCP1525 2v5 reference.
? U26 (A and B) – Two, two-input NAND gates configured as a SET dominant SR
flip-flop. The SET dominance is important to ensure correct fault action even if the
RESET input is active.
? D5, R202 – An LED and its associated current limiting resistor for the visual
indication of the FAULT.
DS70096A-page 28
? 2003 Microchip Technology Inc.
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